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It looks like a loan,
but it is not. It's actually called asset-based financing. Asset-based
lending, and a practice called Factoring, are specialized financing
techniques to help fast growing or highly leveraged companies.
Asset-based
financing is flexible, working-capital financing. It can be used
to manage cash flows, to funding mergers and acquisitions. It
is an excellent solution to companies facing challenges such
as refinancing, growth, re-capitalization, acquisition and buyouts.
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The concept behind
asset-based lending (ABL) is that a business with tangible,
saleable assets can use those assets as collateral for loans.
The collateral is usually inventory and accounts receivable,
and sometimes fixed assets like equipment and real estate.
The lender obtains first right to
the assets, and the amount of the loan is based on how much they
would receive if they sold the assets.
ABL is more complicated than factoring,
and requires independent audits and lengthy legal agreements.

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This is also known
as Accounts Receivable financing. It is a form of asset-based financing,
but it is not a loan, it is an actual sale.
Once you have sold your product to
your customer and are waiting for payment, you can sell your interest
in the accounts receivable to a factoring company. You will receive
immediate payment, minus a fee. The factor later recovers the entire
receivable.
There are two types of factoring:
full-recourse and non-recourse. In full-recourse, the factor purchases
the receivable for a period of time, but you must collect the receivable
(and maintain relations with your customers). In non-recourse, the
factor takes over all contact to your customer, and is responsible
for collecting the receivable.
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